⭐ Upgrade to Pro - £19
Unlock all lessons and mock exams to pass Level 2 + Level 3 theory exams.
Upgrade nowProperties of Liquids (Water)
Read through the material below, then test your understanding.
Module Lessons
Scientific Principles
SI Units and Measurement
Properties of Solid Materials (Metals)
Properties of Solid Materials (Plastics & Ceramics)
Mechanical Properties
Corrosion of Metals
Other Forms of Corrosion
Degradation of Plastics
Properties of Liquids (Water)
Properties of Liquids (Others)
Properties of Gases
Temperature and Heat
States of Matter
Sensible and Latent Heat
Conduction and Convection
Radiation and Expansion
Energy, Heat, and Power Calculations
Velocity, Acceleration, and Flow Rate
Force and Pressure
Siphonic Action
Mechanical Principles
Forces in Action
Lesson Overview
Water is the primary fluid used across building services engineering. Understanding its physical properties, density changes, and chemical behaviours is essential for designing efficient, freeze-protected, and compliant plumbing systems.
Learning Objectives
Explain the physical properties of water, including maximum density, boiling point, and anomalous expansion.
Calculate and identify the thermal, electrical, and expansion behaviours of water in liquid, solid, and gaseous states.
Distinguish between soft, temporary hard, and permanently hard water, including their chemical causes and effects on systems.
Unlock the full lesson & knowledge check
Get lifetime access to every Level 2 & 3 lesson, 3500+ total questions, and timed City & Guilds mock exams.
Get Pro Access (£19)Already have Pro? Sign in
Interactive City & Guilds Level 2 and Level 3 plumbing lessons, flashcards and mock exams, built for UK students and professionals.
© 2026 PlumbingIQ. All rights reserved.